Vien Giac Pagoda: Ben Tre's Ancient Heritage

Nestled in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta, Ben Tre invites travelers to immerse themselves in the picturesque beauty of its waterways, abundant with lush fruit orchards, rich aquatic life, fresh air, and refreshingly mild weather year-round. Beyond its natural charm, this enchanting province also boasts a unique cultural heritage, particularly evident in its sacred, ancient pagodas. These spiritual sites are deeply intertwined with the pioneering spirit and the historical journey of Ben Tre’s early inhabitants as they settled and developed this vibrant land.
Viên Giác Pagoda – A Century-Old Ancient Pagoda Linked to the Buddhist Revival History of Bến Tre, the Land of Coconuts
As a province in the Mekong Delta region of Southern Vietnam, Bến Tre tourism invites visitors to immerse themselves in the charming beauty of its waterways, abundant fruit orchards, rich aquatic resources, fresh air, and cool weather year-round. Beyond that, this land also boasts a unique cultural charm, especially with its sacred, ancient pagodas deeply intertwined with the historical 'land reclamation and settlement' process of Bến Tre's early inhabitants.
Among the famous pagodas in Bến Tre are Chùa Tuyên Linh, Chùa Vạn Phước, Chùa Hội Tôn, Chùa Viên Minh, Chùa Viên Giác, and many more. Of these, Chùa Viên Giác stands out not only for its beautiful architecture but also for its deep connection to the history of the Coconut Land. The pagoda is located in Ward 5, Bến Tre City, spanning an area of 3,500m2. Its front faces a peaceful canal, while the back borders the bustling Hoàng Lam Street, not far from the Bến Tre River. Overall, the pagoda's location is highly convenient for both road and river access, making it easy for locals and visitors from afar to come and pay their respects to the Buddha.

The serene atmosphere at Viên Giác Pagoda
Originally, this was a Khmer pagoda, built around 1870. Due to the changing times, the Khmer monks departed, and the pagoda fell into disrepair. At that time, the village officials of An Hội took over its management, and the pagoda subsequently became the communal pagoda of An Hội village. In 1900, Venerable Tâm Quang was invited by the An Hội village devotees to become the abbot of Viên Giác Pagoda. He undertook many Buddhist works for the pagoda, most notably the significant renovation efforts of Viên Giác Pagoda from 1915-1924. In 1965, the pagoda underwent further renovation, with walls and facades rebuilt and the roof re-tiled, yet its original architecture has been preserved to this day.
The pagoda is situated on a spacious plot with beautiful landscaping, its front gracefully facing a serene canal, creating an auspicious “Minh Đường Tụ Thủy" (Water Gathering in front of the Hall) feng shui configuration. In the front courtyard, a striking golden statue of Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara (Quan Âm), holding a pure water vase and standing solemnly on a lotus pedestal, captures attention. The pagoda has been completed over several periods. The most culturally significant architectural complex of the pagoda consists of three buildings: the Front Hall (Tiền Điện), Ancestral Hall (Nhà Tổ), and Lecture Hall (Giảng Đường), all aligned along a single axis. This 'Tam' (三) shaped layout is a common pagoda and communal house architecture in the Southern region. Inside, the worship follows the “Front Buddha, Rear Ancestors" style, featuring venerable wooden statues, lacquered in red and gilded, some over a hundred years old. These are further adorned with horizontal lacquered boards (hoành phi) and parallel couplets (liễn đối), enhancing the pagoda's profound ancient charm.

The Main Hall of Viên Giác Pagoda
The Front Hall (Tiền Điện) is a traditional three-compartment building with two lean-tos. Adjacent to its left and right walls are altars dedicated to Hộ Pháp (Dharma Protectors) and Tiêu Diện Đại Sĩ (The Great Being with a Fiery Face). These are two ancient wooden statues, exquisitely carved with remarkable artistry. Blocking the central compartment of the Front Hall is a large altar adorned with sets of statues depicting Ngọc Hoàng (Jade Emperor), Nam Tào (God of the Southern Dipper), Bắc Đẩu (God of the Northern Dipper); Quan Thánh (Guan Sheng Emperor); and two figures from the Ten Kings of Hell (Thập Điện Diêm Vương): Diêm La Vương (King Yama, the Fifth Court) and Chuyển Luân Vương (King of the Turning Wheel, the Tenth Court). These statues are also made of wood and carved according to specific artistic standards. Behind them, there is also a set of wooden devotional paintings of the Eighteen Arhats (Thập Bát La Hán), created in the Mậu Ngọ year (1918). It can be said that this is a truly unique artifact, unlike similar devotional paintings found in other pagodas in the province.
The Main Hall (Chánh Điện) is built in a 'Tứ Trụ' (Four Pillars) style, featuring four central main columns. In the central compartment, a three-tiered altar is dedicated to the Buddha: the uppermost tier displays the Amitābha Triad (Di Đà Tam Tôn) with Amitābha Buddha (Di Đà), Avalokiteshvara (Quan Âm), and Mahāsthāmaprāpta (Thế Chí); the middle tier features the Kṣitigarbha Bodhisattva (Địa Tạng Vương Bồ Tát); and the lowest tier holds a statue of the infant Siddhartha (Thích Ca sơ sinh), flanked by statues of Thiện Hữu and Ác Hữu (Good and Evil Companions). The two side compartments also enshrine revered statues of Shakyamuni Buddha (Phật Thích Ca), originally from Linh Sơn Pagoda in Sài Gòn (Ho Chi Minh City), and brought to Viên Giác Pagoda during the time of Tổ Tâm Quang. All the statues in the Main Hall are made of wood and are ancient artifacts, deeply connected to the pagoda's historical periods. The decorations around the Three Jewels (Tam Bảo) altar are exceptionally artistic and magnificent, featuring a carved 'bao lam' (altar screen) with a 'Cửu Long' (Nine Dragons) motif, and a pair of parallel couplets (liễn đối) with intricately carved Han characters set against a dragon and cloud backdrop. These are gifts from two well-known wealthy female benefactors in Bến Tre: Cô Ba Lê Thị Ngỡi and Bà Phạm Thị Quý.
Viên Giác Pagoda is an ancient temple renowned not only in Bến Tre but throughout Southern Vietnam, as it played a pivotal role in the Buddhist Revival movement led by Venerable Lê Khánh Hòa – a highly erudite Buddhist monk who served as abbot of Tuyên Linh Pagoda. A horizontal lacquered board (hoành phi), consecrated and solemnly placed in the Main Hall by Venerable Lê Khánh Hòa, serves as a testament to this legacy. In 1927, Venerable Khánh Hòa organized a one-year Buddhist doctrine class for devotees at the pagoda.
Today, the pagoda continues to preserve numerous Buddhist scriptures and documents related to the Buddhist Revival period in Southern Vietnam. During the resistance against French colonialism, the abbots of the pagoda made significant contributions to the patriotic movement, notably thầy Chí An. In 1946, driven by a patriotic spirit, thầy Chí An joined the Bến Tre provincial Buddhist National Salvation movement. Consequently, the pagoda became a hub for revolutionary activities and a meeting place for patriots of that era. In 1989, it marked a historic turning point for Bến Tre Buddhism, hosting the inauguration ceremony of the Provisional Provincial Buddhist Association Representative Board of Bến Tre, which ushered in a vibrant new era for monks, nuns, and lay Buddhists.
Today, the pagoda is actively involved in various local charity and social welfare activities, helping residents in the region stabilize their lives. It also contributes human and intellectual resources to the Việt Nam Buddhist Sangha, particularly in training future monks and nuns at the Bến Tre Buddhist Intermediate School.
The pagoda is a sacred space deeply intertwined with the beliefs and culture of the Vietnamese people. When visiting Bến Tre, Viên Giác Pagoda offers a tranquil sanctuary for monks, nuns, and Buddhist devotees from all regions to express their reverence for the Buddha and find peace and serenity within their hearts.
Vinh Long 5977 view
Update day : 23/08/2023
Source : bentre.gov.vn Affiliate links
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